Improvement in machines for upsetting metallic bars and rods



D 'E. KAYLUR. Machine for upsetting Metallic Bars and Rods.

Patented June15, 1875.

I I kmxaa J.

UNITED STATES PATENT QFFICEI.

EDWARD KAYLOR, or PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINES FO R UPSETTING METALLIC BARS AND RODS.

' Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 1 64,459, dated J une15, 1875; application filed February 17, 1873.

To all whom it may concern: Be it known that I, EDWARD KAYLOR, of

Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, haveinvented a new and useful Improvement in Upsetting-Machines; and I dohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionthereof, reference being bad to the accompanying drawing making a partof this specification, in which- V Figure l is a perspective view of myimproved machine. Fig. 2 is a vert-ical crosssection through the griping(lies, and -illustrating the devices by which they are opened andclosed; and Figs. 3 and 4. are perspective views of the reversible dies.

Like letters of reference indicate like parts in each.

The operation of upsetting a head on the end of a rod of iron ofcomparatively small area in cross-section has long been known andpracticed. Of late years a demand has arisen, particularly in connectionwith heavy iron for bridges and other large superstructures, for amachine which was capable of acting on the mass or body of the iron at adistance from the end, not for the sake of upsetting a part which, bymeans of the flat face so upset, should, like abolt-head, by a directbearing, resist a tensile strain, but for the sake of enlarging orswelling the body of the iron, so that such enlarged body, after beingreduced in sectional area by the punching of an eye therein or thecutting of a screw-thread thereon, should still have an amount ofmaterial in cross-section at its weakest point equal or nearly equal tothat of the part or body not upset. In this art of upsetting any desiredlength or part of the body of the bar or rod, either from the end alongback or through a portion of the length remote from the end, hydraulicpressure has been applied; but it has been found too slow in its action,and it also failed to give the quick, strong, percussive stroke which ismost effective. The plunger has also been 0perated by a knuckle-jointand wedge; but this device will not in all cases act with the rapiditydesired. The maximum of motion at any one stroke is the length of thestroke of the plunger. I have found that by operating the ramor plungerdirectly by the piston of a steam cylinder I can secure the quick,strong blow desired, and have at the first stroke a possibility ofmotion sufficient to do the work at a single blow.

My invention relates only to machines em ployed in the art referred to;and consists in combining a pair of reversible griping-dies with asuitable plunger, said plunger working in guides arranged in line withthe dies, and operated by the direct thrust of a steampiston, wherebyrods, bars, and similar long articles may be held and presented to theaction of the plunger, so as to be upset or swelled in the lengthor bodyof the article and at varying points, as desired.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my improvement, Iwill proceed to describe its construction and mode of operation.

The frame-work A, of any suitable construction, is arrangedhorizontally, or nearly so. At one end is a steam-cylinder, B, such asis ordinarily used in steam-hammers, with the usual accompaniments ofsteam-chest b, valve, valve-stem b and reversing-arm N. The piston-stemc carries a block, D, which is guided by the guide-rails a and frame A,and

acts as a ram to the plunger h, which, in turn, is

attached to and guided by the sliding block H. The piston-stein andplunger are arranged in line with the cavity of the griping-dies R B.These dies, as illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4, are made reversible. Thecavities a are for upsetting a broad part at a little distance from theend in a flat bar, the grooves n for upsetting a round on the end of around, the grooves n for upsetting a round on the end of a square, andthe grooves 11. for upsetting a broad and thick part at a littledistance from the end of a flat.

In the operation of the machine, the dies being open, a rod or bar isinserted through the hole m, and held by any suitable clamp or stopdevice, m. The dies are closed, steam is turned on, and the piston,acting through the plunger h, upsets the rod or bar in the usual manner.Should the resistance be too great for the work to be done by a singleblow, another is given almost instantaneously, and so on till theupsetting is done. The superiority of this machine arises partly fromthe fact that it acts as rapidly as machinery can be moved by steam, andalso from the fact that the piston has a possible length ofstrokesufficient to do the work by one motion. In order to open andclose the dies B B rapidly, I make one, 1", movable laterally, Figs. 1and 2, and attach it by a hinge-joint to an arm, 6, which arm, at itsopposite end, is attached to a roller-shaft, e, which latter plays upand down in the guides 9. At or near the rear end of the arm 0 I attacha toothed rack, i, and make it engage a pinion, i, on the crank-shaft o.shaft a chain, 0, extends to the die o By turning the crank-shaft 0 oneway, the arm 0 is raised,the chain 0 Wound up, and the die 1" is drawnback. By turning it the other way, the chain 0 is unwound, and the arm 0is brought down, so as to force the die 4 over against the other die andhold it in position w hile the upsetting is being done. The arm 6, withits connections, practically amounts to a togglejoint, and I thus securethe advantages of that device in closing the dies and keeping themclosed; and by the chain oI am enabled to apply a force in a horizontalline to withdraw the die.

I am aware that a machine which forges From this crankbolt-heads in anunjointed or solid-sided recess or die-box, by the blow imparted by thepiston of a steam-engine, is not new; but in the art of upsetting iron,as distinguished from bolt-making, such a machine would be inoperativefor practical use. Dies are required to form the matrix or mold, whichcan be taken apart in order to remove the upset bar.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

1. The reversible dies R R, supported in a suitable frame, incombination with plunger h, arranged in line with said dies, supportedin guides, and operated by the direct thrust of a steam-piston,substantially as specified.

2. In combination with the movable die of a pair of griping dies, atoggle-arm, e, and chain 0, and suitable devices for raising andlowering the former, and winding and unwinding the latter, substantiallyas set forth,

3. The reversible dies R R, having the cavities n n n a, substantiallyas and for the purpose specified.

In testimony whereof I, the said EDWARD KAYLOR, have hereunto set myhand.

EDWARD KAYLOR. Witnesses: i

A. S. NIcHoLsoN, G, H. CHRIsTY.

